Which structure best represents the form of an analogy?
AA is to C as B is to D, with no relation needed between pairs
BA is to B as B is to A, with the relation always being reversed
CA is to A as B is to B, with each pair sharing identical elements
DA is to B as C is to D, with the same relation between both pairs
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. A is to B as C is to D, with the same relation between both pairs
1. Analogy is described as another form of reasoning in the chapter.
2. It involves four parts: A is to B as C is to D.
3. The relation between A and B must be the same as the relation between C and D.
4. The chapter offers water:fish::air:human as an example, and white:snow::black:coal as another.
5. Hence the canonical form is A:B::C:D with matching relations.
_Source: NCERT Class 11 Psychology Ch 7 "Thinking", p. 115, Deductive and Inductive Reasoning_
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