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Passage: 'Patients who participate in support groups after surgery recover faster than those who do not. Therefore, hospitals should require post-surgical patients to attend support groups.' Which, if TRUE, MOST strengthens the argument?
AWhen patients are RANDOMLY assigned to support groups versus no group, the assigned-to-group patients still recover significantly faster — ruling out self-selection
BSupport groups have existed for many decades
CDoctors often recommend support groups
DSupport groups are inexpensive to organise
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. When patients are RANDOMLY assigned to support groups versus no group, the assigned-to-group patients still recover significantly faster — ruling out self-selection
Randomisation eliminates the self-selection problem (more sociable / health-conscious patients choose groups). When the effect persists under random assignment, the causal inference is much stronger.
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