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Passage: 'A new tax on sugary drinks led to a 12 per cent reduction in sugary-drink consumption nationwide. Therefore, sugar taxes are an effective public-health tool against obesity.' Which, if TRUE, MOST strengthens the conclusion?
AOther countries have also introduced sugar taxes
BSugary drinks are popular
CIndependent surveys confirm that consumers did NOT substitute the tax-exempt high-sugar foods for the taxed drinks; net sugar intake fell by 8 per cent and obesity rates began declining within two years
DThe tax was difficult to introduce
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. Independent surveys confirm that consumers did NOT substitute the tax-exempt high-sugar foods for the taxed drinks; net sugar intake fell by 8 per cent and obesity rates began declining within two years
The strengthen claim must rule out the most common rival hypothesis — substitution to other high-sugar foods. The option both rules out substitution AND connects the policy to the obesity outcome.
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