Buffer capacity is maximum when:
- pH = pKa (equal acid and salt concentrations)
- pH > pKa
- pH < pKa
- pH = 7
Show answer and solution
Correct answer: A. pH = pKa (equal acid and salt concentrations)
Buffer capacity is maximum when [salt] = [acid], which means pH = pKa.
The buffer can neutralise added acid or base most effectively at this point.