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AP Intermediate 2nd Year Atoms and Nuclei — practice questions — page 3

Explore 82 free Atoms and Nuclei questions in AP Intermediate 2nd Year Physics. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Atoms and Nuclei questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 61–82 of 82.

Assertion and reasonRead the answer and worked solution →Two are true, one is notRead the answer and worked solution →The ratio of the longest wavelength in the Lyman series to the longest wavelength in the Balmer series of hydrogen isRead the answer and worked solution →NEET · Physics · Fission or FusionRead the answer and worked solution →When a nucleus $\,^{A}_{Z}\mathrm{X}$ undergoes ALPHA decay, the daughter nucleus hasRead the answer and worked solution →In BETA-MINUS ($\beta^-$) decay, the parent nucleus emits an electron AND another particle. The other particle isRead the answer and worked solution →The total binding energy of $\,^{16}_{8}\mathrm{O}$ is approximately $127.6\,\text{MeV}$. Its binding energy per nucleon is closest toRead the answer and worked solution →The unified atomic mass unit (u) is defined as exactly $1/12$ of the mass of an atom of which isotope?Read the answer and worked solution →The mass defect $\Delta m$ of a nucleus $\,^{A}_{Z}\mathrm{X}$ with mass $M$ is defined asRead the answer and worked solution →The energy equivalent of one unified atomic mass unit (1 u) is closest toRead the answer and worked solution →Order the argument: why Rutherford's atom should collapseRead the answer and worked solution →Bohr's quantisation condition for the angular momentum $L$ of an electron in the $n^\text{th}$ orbit isRead the answer and worked solution →True or false: Rutherford's two difficultiesRead the answer and worked solution →Spot the one that does not belongRead the answer and worked solution →Order the atomic models in this chapterRead the answer and worked solution →Spot the one that does not belongRead the answer and worked solution →The ratio of the first excitation energy of a hydrogen atom ($E_2 - E_1$) to its ionisation energy from the ground state isRead the answer and worked solution →A radioactive sample has half-life $T_{1/2} = 5$ years. Starting with $N_0$ undecayed nuclei, the number remaining after $20$ years isRead the answer and worked solution →Complete Bohr's first postulateRead the answer and worked solution →The radius of the $n$th Bohr orbit in a hydrogen-like atom of nuclear charge $Z$ scales asRead the answer and worked solution →NEET · Physics · Bohr's Atom — Gap FillRead the answer and worked solution →The de Broglie wavelength $\lambda$ of an electron in the $n$th Bohr orbit of hydrogen, in terms of the orbit radius $r_n$, isRead the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Assertion and reason

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Questions
  1. Reason
    A revolving electron accelerates, so it should radiate and spiral inward.
    Verdict
    Both are true; the reason explains the assertion.
    Assertion
    Rutherford's model contradicts the stability of matter.
  2. Reason
    They allow an electron to revolve without radiating energy away.
    Verdict
    Both are true; the reason explains the assertion.
    Assertion
    Bohr introduced stationary orbits.
  3. Reason
    An atom as a whole is electrically neutral.
    Verdict
    The assertion is false and the reason is true.
    Assertion
    Thomson's model has a nucleus.
The reason must genuinely explain the assertion. Source: syllabus Physics, Ch 12 Atoms.

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Two are true, one is not

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Questions
  1. False statement
    Rutherford's electron is stable
    Statements
    1. An accelerating charge radiates
    2. Rutherford's electron should spiral in
    3. Rutherford's electron is stable
  2. False statement
    Bohr's orbits radiate continuously
    Statements
    1. Bohr's orbits radiate continuously
    2. Bohr's orbits do not radiate
    3. Bohr explained line spectra
  3. False statement
    They are continuous bands
    Statements
    1. Line spectra are isolated lines
    2. They are continuous bands
    3. They carry structural information
The false line reverses a model's outcome. Source: syllabus Physics, Ch 12 Atoms.

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The ratio of the longest wavelength in the Lyman series to the longest wavelength in the Balmer series of hydrogen is

  1. $\tfrac{5}{27}$
  2. $\tfrac{1}{4}$
  3. $\tfrac{4}{1}$
  4. $\tfrac{27}{5}$
Show answer and solution

Correct answer: A. $\tfrac{5}{27}$

Longest wavelength in a series corresponds to the smallest energy jump: $n=2 \to 1$ for Lyman, $n=3 \to 2$ for Balmer. Using $\tfrac{1}{\lambda} = R\left(\tfrac{1}{n_1^2} - \tfrac{1}{n_2^2}\right)$: Lyman max gives $\tfrac{1}{\lambda_L} = R(1 - \tfrac{1}{4}) = \tfrac{3R}{4}$. Balmer max gives $\tfrac{1}{\lambda_B} = R(\tfrac{1}{4} - \tfrac{1}{9}) = \tfrac{5R}{36}$. Ratio $\tfrac{\lambda_L}{\lambda_B} = \tfrac{5R/36}{3R/4} = \tfrac{5}{36} \cdot \tfrac{4}{3} = \tfrac{20}{108} = \tfrac{5}{27}$.

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