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AP Intermediate 1st Year Mechanical Properties of Solids and Fluids — practice questions — page 2

Explore 37 free Mechanical Properties of Solids and Fluids questions in AP Intermediate 1st Year Physics. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Mechanical Properties of Solids and Fluids questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 31–37 of 37.

Surface tension T of a liquid is best defined as:Read the answer and worked solution →The excess pressure inside a spherical liquid drop of radius R and surface tension T is:Read the answer and worked solution →The height to which a liquid rises in a capillary tube of radius r is (with surface tension T, contact angle θ, density ρ):Read the answer and worked solution →A liquid emerges from a hole at depth h below the free surface of a large open tank. The exit speed (Torricelli's law) is:Read the answer and worked solution →Two soap bubbles of radii R₁ < R₂ are connected by a tube. Air flows:Read the answer and worked solution →A solid object floats with 80 % of its volume submerged in water (ρ_water = 1000 kg m⁻³). The density of the object is:Read the answer and worked solution →Poiseuille's law gives the volume flow rate Q of a viscous fluid through a horizontal pipe of length L and radius r under pressure difference ΔP as:Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Surface tension T of a liquid is best defined as:

  1. Force per unit length on the surface
  2. Force per unit area in the bulk
  3. Energy per unit volume of liquid
  4. Pressure inside a spherical drop
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Correct answer: A. Force per unit length on the surface

1. Surface tension T is force per unit length: the force any portion of the surface exerts on an adjacent portion across a line on the surface. 2. SI unit: N m⁻¹. Numerically equal to surface energy per unit area (J m⁻²). 3. Pressure has different dimensions, so (B) and (D) are wrong. _Source: syllabus Physics Ch 9 §9.8 Surface Tension_

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The excess pressure inside a spherical liquid drop of radius R and surface tension T is:

  1. T / R
  2. T / (2 R)
  3. 4 T / R
  4. 2 T / R
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Correct answer: D. 2 T / R

1. For a drop (single surface), Laplace's relation gives ΔP = 2 T / R. 2. For a soap bubble (TWO surfaces — inner + outer), ΔP = 4 T / R. 3. The smaller the drop, the larger the excess pressure — why fine droplets evaporate first. _Source: syllabus Physics Ch 9 §9.8 Drops, Bubbles, Capillary Action_

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The height to which a liquid rises in a capillary tube of radius r is (with surface tension T, contact angle θ, density ρ):

  1. h = 2 T cosθ / (r ρ g)
  2. h = T cosθ / (r ρ g)
  3. h = T sinθ / (r ρ g)
  4. h = ρ g r / (2 T cosθ)
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Correct answer: A. h = 2 T cosθ / (r ρ g)

1. Balance upward surface-tension force around the meniscus circumference with weight of the lifted liquid. 2. Upward force = T cosθ · 2π r. 3. Weight of lifted column = ρ g h · π r². 4. Equate: h = 2 T cosθ / (r ρ g). 5. So h is inversely proportional to r — narrower tubes lift higher (mercury depresses, since cosθ < 0). _Source: syllabus Physics Ch 9 §9.8 Capillary Rise_

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