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AP Chemistry Thermodynamics — practice questions

Explore 23 free Thermodynamics questions in AP Chemistry Chemistry. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Thermodynamics questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 1–23 of 23.

A process spontaneous in one direction under given conditions is, in reverse:Read the answer and worked solution →A specific configuration of all the locations and energies of a system's particles is a:Read the answer and worked solution →Who developed the molecular-scale statistical model relating entropy to microstates?Read the answer and worked solution →The second law of thermodynamics states that all spontaneous changes cause an increase in:Read the answer and worked solution →When the entropy change of the universe is zero, the system is:Read the answer and worked solution →Who introduced the thermodynamic property defined in terms of system properties only?Read the answer and worked solution →In thermodynamics, a reversible process is one that takes place at a rate that is:Read the answer and worked solution →A pure, perfectly crystalline solid at absolute zero is described by how many microstates?Read the answer and worked solution →At absolute zero a perfect crystal has only one microstate because there is:Read the answer and worked solution →The standard entropy change for a reaction is computed using standard entropies and:Read the answer and worked solution →Besides indicating spontaneity, the free energy change gives information about the amount of:Read the answer and worked solution →Free energy is described as the energy available to do useful work, being the difference between:Read the answer and worked solution →Melting is described as spontaneous at 10.00 degrees Celsius because at that temperature:Read the answer and worked solution →At minus 10.00 degrees Celsius the entropy change of the universe for melting is negative, so melting is:Read the answer and worked solution →A process whose enthalpy and entropy changes share the same arithmetic sign will show:Read the answer and worked solution →An endothermic process that involves an increase in system entropy is spontaneous when temperature is:Read the answer and worked solution →Boltzmann's model related the entropy of a system to which quantity?Read the answer and worked solution →A perfect crystal at 0 K has W equal to 1, which makes its entropy:Read the answer and worked solution →Match each thermodynamic termRead the answer and worked solution →True or false: thermodynamicsRead the answer and worked solution →Stop on the right verdictRead the answer and worked solution →Tap what belongs to each lawRead the answer and worked solution →Complete the thermodynamic rulesRead the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

A process spontaneous in one direction under given conditions is, in reverse:

  1. Nonspontaneous
  2. Also spontaneous
  3. At equilibrium
  4. Reversible only
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Correct answer: A. Nonspontaneous

1. Spontaneity has a direction attached to it. 2. A process may be spontaneous in one direction under a particular set of conditions. 3. That same process is nonspontaneous in the reverse direction. 4. Only at equilibrium does neither direction dominate. _Source: OpenStax Chemistry 2e (CC BY 4.0), Ch 16 'Thermodynamics', sections 16.1-16.4_

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A specific configuration of all the locations and energies of a system's particles is a:

  1. Heat capacity
  2. Microstate
  3. Macrostate
  4. Free energy
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Correct answer: B. Microstate

1. Entropy is built on counting arrangements. 2. A microstate is a specific configuration of all the locations and energies. 3. It covers the atoms or molecules that make up a system. 4. The number of microstates is written W. _Source: OpenStax Chemistry 2e (CC BY 4.0), Ch 16 'Thermodynamics', sections 16.1-16.4_

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Who developed the molecular-scale statistical model relating entropy to microstates?

  1. Ludwig Boltzmann
  2. Josiah Gibbs
  3. Antoine Lavoisier
  4. Robert Boyle
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Correct answer: A. Ludwig Boltzmann

1. Entropy gained a statistical meaning from one physicist. 2. Following the work of Carnot and Clausius, Ludwig Boltzmann developed the model. 3. It was a molecular-scale statistical model. 4. It related the entropy of a system to the number of microstates possible. _Source: OpenStax Chemistry 2e (CC BY 4.0), Ch 16 'Thermodynamics', sections 16.1-16.4_

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More Chemistry topics

Composition of Substances and SolutionsEquilibria of Other Reaction ClassesSolutions and ColloidsStoichiometry of Chemical ReactionsAcid-Base EquilibriaAtoms, Molecules, and IonsChemical Bonding and Molecular GeometryElectronic Structure and Periodic Properties