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AP Biology Unit 2B: Membrane Transport, Tonicity & Cell Size — practice questions — page 2

Explore 93 free Unit 2B: Membrane Transport, Tonicity & Cell Size questions in AP Biology Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Unit 2B: Membrane Transport, Tonicity & Cell Size questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 31–60 of 93.

Which pair of structures is found in animal cells but generally not in plant cells?Read the answer and worked solution →Removing the centrosome from a cell shows that centrioles:Read the answer and worked solution →Lysosomes can digest material because their internal pH is:Read the answer and worked solution →A gap junction channel is built when six connexin proteins arrange into a structure called a:Read the answer and worked solution →The earliest fossil evidence for life on Earth, microbial mats, dates back about:Read the answer and worked solution →Plant cell, animal cell, or both?Read the answer and worked solution →True or false: inside the cellRead the answer and worked solution →Which one does not belong?Read the answer and worked solution →The accepted model of plasma membrane structure proposed by Singer and Nicolson is called the:Read the answer and worked solution →The main fabric of the plasma membrane is built from:Read the answer and worked solution →A phospholipid molecule is built on a backbone of:Read the answer and worked solution →Plasma membranes are described as selectively permeable, which means they:Read the answer and worked solution →When a cell sits in a hypotonic solution, water:Read the answer and worked solution →When a cell sits in a hypertonic solution, water:Read the answer and worked solution →The three terms used to compare a cell's osmolarity with its surroundings are hypotonic, hypertonic and:Read the answer and worked solution →The first widely accepted model of membrane structure, from 1935, was proposed by:Read the answer and worked solution →Compared with a plasma membrane, a human red blood cell is roughly:Read the answer and worked solution →Myelin, which insulates peripheral nerve axons, is unusual because it contains only:Read the answer and worked solution →The mitochondrial inner membrane is protein-rich, at:Read the answer and worked solution →The transmembrane segment of a single-pass integral membrane protein is typically:Read the answer and worked solution →Carbohydrates on the outer membrane surface matter to the immune system because they:Read the answer and worked solution →The state in which a substance has spread out so there is no net movement is called:Read the answer and worked solution →All else being equal, heavier molecules diffuse:Read the answer and worked solution →Raising the temperature of a system makes diffusion:Read the answer and worked solution →A large spherical cell is at risk because:Read the answer and worked solution →Channel proteins move molecules at what rate relative to carrier proteins?Read the answer and worked solution →Glucose appears in the urine when blood glucose is very high because:Read the answer and worked solution →A double bond between adjacent carbons in a fatty acid tail creates a bend of about:Read the answer and worked solution →Red blood cells are preferred for osmolarity studies because they:Read the answer and worked solution →A cloudy suspension of cells can have a lower osmolarity than a clear solution because osmolarity counts:Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Which pair of structures is found in animal cells but generally not in plant cells?

  1. Ribosomes and nuclei
  2. Vacuoles and plastids
  3. Cell walls and chloroplasts
  4. Centrosomes and lysosomes
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Correct answer: D. Centrosomes and lysosomes

1. The comparison runs both ways: plants have structures animals lack, and the reverse. 2. Animal cells each have a centrosome and lysosomes, whereas most plant cells do not. 3. Ribosomes and nuclei are in both, so that pair separates nothing. 4. Cell walls, chloroplasts and large vacuoles run the other way, being plant features. 5. So the animal-only pair is centrosomes and lysosomes. _Source: OpenStax Biology for AP(R) Courses (CC BY 4.0), Ch 4 'Cell Structure', sections 4.1-4.6_

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Removing the centrosome from a cell shows that centrioles:

  1. Are needed for every cell division
  2. Are not strictly required for division
  3. Are the direct source of spindle DNA
  4. Are the only site of protein synthesis
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Correct answer: B. Are not strictly required for division

1. Centrioles sit inside the centrosome and were long assumed to drive division. 2. The experiment tests that assumption directly. 3. Cells that have had the centrosome removed can still divide. 4. Plant cells, which lack centrosomes, are also capable of cell division. 5. So the exact function in cell division is not clear, and it is certainly not indispensable. _Source: OpenStax Biology for AP(R) Courses (CC BY 4.0), Ch 4 'Cell Structure', sections 4.1-4.6_

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Lysosomes can digest material because their internal pH is:

  1. More acidic than the cytoplasm
  2. More alkaline than the cytoplasm
  3. Exactly equal to the cytoplasm
  4. Neutral regardless of cytoplasm
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Correct answer: A. More acidic than the cytoplasm

1. A lysosome carries hydrolytic enzymes that work only in particular conditions. 2. Those enzymes need an acidic environment to function. 3. The pH within lysosomes is more acidic than the pH of the cytoplasm. 4. Keeping the two separated also protects the cell if a few enzymes leak out. _Source: OpenStax Biology for AP(R) Courses (CC BY 4.0), Ch 4 'Cell Structure', sections 4.1-4.6_

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