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For an isotropic linear elastic material, only how many independent elastic constants are needed?

A2 (any two of E, G, K, ν fully specify the material)
B3
C1
D4
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. 2 (any two of E, G, K, ν fully specify the material)
**Isotropic:** 2 independent constants. E = 2G(1+ν) = 3K(1-2ν) relate them. **So knowing E + ν, can find G and K. For anisotropic (e.g., wood, composites): up to 21 independent constants for fully anisotropic.**
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