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According to Black and Wiliam's research, summative assessments tend to have what effect on learning?

AA large positive effect
BA negative effect
CNo effect at all
DA doubling of marks
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. A negative effect
1. Research examined by Black and Wiliam supports that summative assessments tend to harm learning. 2. Formative assessment has a powerful positive effect, especially for low achievers. 3. The other options are not claimed. _Source: Wikipedia, Formative assessment, In elementary education_
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