Haidt argues the reasons people give for moral choices are often:

1. Kohlberg assumed moral action follows from formal reasoning. 2. Social intuitionists such as Jonathan Haidt question that order. 3. They argue people often make moral judgements quickly by intuition. 4. The reasons given afterwards are then post hoc rationalisations, justifications built after the fact. 5. So reasoning may matter less for moral action than Kohlberg thought. 6. The critique therefore calls such reasons post hoc justifications. **Why the other options fail:** - Perfect guides and formed before any feeling restate Kohlberg's rationalist assumption. - Universal principles describe Stage 6, not the critique. _Source: Wikipedia, "Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development", section "Reasoning vs. intuition" (revision 1376737595)_