Vygotsky's main criticism of standardised tests was that they:

1. Vygotsky held that development shows in what a child can do with others, not just alone. 2. Many students can complete a task in a group before they can do it on their own. 3. Standardised tests record only what the student can do independently. 4. So they miss the zone where learning is about to happen. **Why not the others:** Test only memory is a general complaint about exams, not Vygotsky's specific point about independent versus assisted performance. _Source: Wikipedia, "Zone of proximal development", section "Definition" (revision 1365068534)_