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Boltzmann's distribution gives fraction of molecules in energy state E:
A∝ exp(-E/kT)
B1/E
CLinear in E
DIndependent of T
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. ∝ exp(-E/kT)
Boltzmann factor: P(E) ∝ exp(-E/kT). High-energy states exponentially less populated. Foundation of statistical mechanics, semiconductor physics, chemical kinetics.
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