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Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is synthesized from ATP by a specific enzyme and then activates a specific kinase. Name both.
AAdenylyl cyclase synthesizes cAMP, which activates cAMP-dependent kinase
BPhospholipase C synthesizes cAMP, which activates protein kinase C
CDicer synthesizes cAMP, which activates RNA polymerase
DPhosphodiesterase synthesizes cAMP, which activates a G-protein directly
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. Adenylyl cyclase synthesizes cAMP, which activates cAMP-dependent kinase
1. Cyclic AMP is a widely used second messenger synthesized from ATP.
2. The enzyme that synthesizes cAMP from ATP is adenylyl cyclase.
3. cAMP then binds to and activates an enzyme called cAMP-dependent kinase, also known as A-kinase.
4. Phospholipase C instead cleaves PIP2 into DAG and IP3, an unrelated reaction to cAMP synthesis.
5. Phosphodiesterase degrades cAMP into AMP to terminate the signal, rather than synthesizing cAMP in the first place.
_Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 9 "Cell Communication", section Second Messengers_
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