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Several enzymes reverse the modifications made during a signaling cascade to terminate the signal. Which enzyme removes phosphate groups that kinases had added to proteins?
AAn enzyme called a kinase
BAn enzyme called a synthase
CAn enzyme called a cyclase
DAn enzyme called a phosphatase
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. An enzyme called a phosphatase
1. Terminating a signal at the right time is described as just as important as initiating it.
2. Phosphatases are enzymes that remove the phosphate group attached to proteins by kinases.
3. This reversal process is called dephosphorylation.
4. Phosphodiesterase instead degrades cAMP into AMP, a different termination mechanism from removing phosphates on proteins.
_Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 9 "Cell Communication", section Termination of the Signal Cascade_
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