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Phosphorylation is one of the most common chemical modifications in signaling pathways. Which amino acid residues in a protein are typically phosphorylated?
ASerine, threonine, and tyrosine
BGlycine, alanine, and proline
CMethionine, lysine, and arginine
DCysteine, histidine, and glutamine
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine
1. Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate group to a molecule such as a protein, catalyzed by a kinase.
2. Phosphates are commonly added to serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues of proteins.
3. The added phosphate replaces the hydroxyl group of the amino acid.
4. Glycine, alanine, methionine, lysine, cysteine, histidine, and similar residues are not the ones named as typical phosphorylation sites.
_Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 9 "Cell Communication", section Phosphorylation_
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