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Put the events of internal receptor signaling in the correct order after a hydrophobic ligand enters the cell.
AThe complex enters the nucleus, the ligand binds the receptor, then a conformational change exposes a DNA-binding site
BA conformational change exposes a DNA-binding site, the complex enters the nucleus, then the ligand binds the receptor
CTranscription is promoted first, then the ligand binds the receptor and the complex enters the nucleus
DLigand binds the receptor, a conformational change exposes a DNA-binding site, the complex enters the nucleus, then transcription is promoted
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. Ligand binds the receptor, a conformational change exposes a DNA-binding site, the complex enters the nucleus, then transcription is promoted
1. Binding of the ligand to the internal receptor comes first, and this triggers a conformational change that exposes a DNA-binding site on the receptor protein.
2. The ligand-receptor complex then moves into the nucleus.
3. Inside the nucleus, the complex binds specific regulatory regions of the chromosomal DNA.
4. This binding promotes the initiation of transcription, which is the final step, not the first one.
5. The option placing nuclear entry before ligand binding reverses the true order, since the conformational change that allows nuclear entry only happens after binding.
6. The option placing the conformational change before ligand binding is impossible, since the change is triggered by binding in the first place.
7. The option starting with transcription reverses the entire sequence, since transcription is the outcome of the pathway, not its starting event.
_Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 9 "Cell Communication", section 9.1 Signaling Molecules and Cellular Receptors_
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