Home › AP Biology › Biology › Cell Communication › Which four categories make up chemical signaling…
Which four categories make up chemical signaling in multicellular organisms?
AParacrine, hormonal, synaptic, and quorum sensing signals
BEndocrine, autocrine, enzymatic, and neural signaling pathways
CParacrine, endocrine, autocrine, and direct signaling across gap junctions
DIntracellular, extracellular, autocrine, and hormonal signal types
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. Paracrine, endocrine, autocrine, and direct signaling across gap junctions
1. The four categories of chemical signaling in multicellular organisms are paracrine, endocrine, autocrine, and direct signaling across gap junctions.
2. These categories differ mainly in the distance the signal travels to reach the target cell.
3. Quorum sensing is a bacterial communication method, not one of the four categories used by multicellular organisms.
4. Enzymatic and neural signaling are not named as one of the four categories in this classification.
5. Intracellular signaling describes events inside one cell and is a separate concept from these four intercellular categories.
_Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 9 "Cell Communication", section 9.1 Signaling Molecules and Cellular Receptors_
Related questions
Bacteria use two broad types of autoinducers during quorum sensing that act through differBacterial signaling that depends on the population density of bacteria in the environment Budding yeasts use a secreted signaling molecule to find another haploid yeast cell ready Cyclic AMP signaling is terminated when cAMP is broken down into AMP. Which enzyme carriesSeveral enzymes reverse the modifications made during a signaling cascade to terminate theDuring T-cell development, immature T cells are screened to see whether they bind to the bApoptosis is described as a controlled process that a cell can trigger under certain condiMost growth factors bind to cell-surface receptors linked to tyrosine kinases, called rece