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What is the purpose of the hook shape formed by the epicotyl of a germinating dicot seed?
AIt anchors the seedling against being pulled up
BIt stores reserves until the leaves can expand
CIt steers the young root away from dry patches
DIt shields the plumule as it pushes through soil
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. It shields the plumule as it pushes through soil
1. On germination the epicotyl of a dicot seed is shaped like a hook, with the plumule pointing downwards.
2. That shape persists as long as germination proceeds in the dark.
3. As the epicotyl pushes through tough and abrasive soil, the plumule is protected from damage.
4. On exposure to light the hook straightens, the young leaves face the sun and expand, and the epicotyl continues to elongate.
5. Anchorage and water seeking are root functions and belong to the radicle rather than to the shoot hook.
_Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 32 "Plant Reproduction", section 32.2 Pollination and Fertilization_
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