ICAR JRF Plant Sciences — practice by topic

1. A vascular plant is built from two organ systems, the shoot system and the root system. 2. The shoot system carries the leaves and stems along with the flowers and fruits, and generally grows above ground. 3. The root system supports the plant and absorbs water and minerals, and is usually underground. 4. Dermal, ground and vascular are tissue systems rather than organ systems, so they do not answer the question. _Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 30 "Plant Form and Physiology", section 30.1 The Plant Body_

1. Cells that keep dividing sit in meristems, the plant regions of continuous division and growth. 2. Meristematic cells are undifferentiated or only partly differentiated, so they can go on dividing. 3. Stomata are pores for gas exchange, lenticels are openings in woody bark, and trichomes are epidermal hairs, so none of them is a growth region. _Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 30 "Plant Form and Physiology", section 30.1 The Plant Body_

1. Meristematic tissues are named by location, and one of the three is restricted to monocots. 2. Intercalary meristems sit at the bases of leaf blades and at nodes, and they occur only in monocots. 3. This tissue lets a monocot leaf blade lengthen from its base, which is why lawn grass regrows after mowing. 4. Apical meristems sit at stem and root tips in all vascular plants, so they are not monocot specific. 5. Lateral meristems and the vascular cambium add girth in woody plants rather than length at a leaf base. _Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 30 "Plant Form and Physiology", section 30.1 The Plant Body_