Which plasma protein is produced by plasma cells rather than by the liver?

1. Albumin, fibrinogen, and the alpha and beta globulins are all manufactured by the liver. 2. The gamma globulins are the antibodies, also called immunoglobulins. 3. Immunoglobulins are made by specialised leukocytes known as plasma cells, not by hepatocytes. 4. Fibrinogen is a liver product, so it is ruled out. 5. Serum albumin is the most abundant liver-made plasma protein, so it is ruled out. 6. Alpha globulin is also a liver product, which makes it the closest trap, since it shares the globulin family name with the answer. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 18 "The Cardiovascular System: Blood", section 18.1 An Overview of Blood_