alleryStart learning →The escape of gas molecules through a tiny hole into a vacuum is known as what?
ADiffusion
BEffusion
CExpansion
DSublimation
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. Effusion
1. Effusion is the transfer of gas from a container into a vacuum through a very small opening.
2. A pinhole in a balloon is the everyday example, which is why a helium balloon shrinks overnight while an air-filled one does not.
3. Diffusion is the spread of gas through space already occupied by other gas, so no vacuum is involved.
4. Both rates depend on molar mass, and although the rates themselves differ, the ratio of rates for two gases is the same for either process.
_Source: OpenStax Chemistry (CC BY 4.0), Ch 9 "Gases", section 9.4 Effusion and Diffusion of Gases_
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