alleryStart learning →How do enhancers and silencers differ from the basal transcription factors?
AThey bind only to prokaryotic promoter regions
BThey alter efficiency but are not required
CThey are required before any transcript is made
DThey replace the polymerase during elongation
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. They alter efficiency but are not required
1. Basal transcription factors are crucial for building the preinitiation complex, so without them initiation fails.
2. Enhancers and silencers instead affect how efficiently a gene is transcribed.
3. They are not necessary for transcription to proceed, which is the whole distinction.
4. Saying they are required confuses them with the basal factors and is the trap here.
5. They are features of eukaryotic regulation, so restricting them to prokaryotic promoters is wrong.
6. Nothing replaces the polymerase during elongation, since the enzyme itself tracks along the template.
_Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 15 "Genes and Proteins", section 15.3 Eukaryotic Transcription_
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