The principle of quantisation of electric charge is stated as
A{'text': 'q is a continuous quantity taking any real value in coulombs', 'label': 'A'}
B{'text': 'q = n × e where n is a positive integer and e ≈ 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C', 'label': 'B'}
C{'text': 'q depends only on absolute temperature of the given object', 'label': 'C'}
D{'text': 'q of an object equals its total mass in the appropriate units', 'label': 'D'}
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. {'text': 'q = n × e where n is a positive integer and e ≈ 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C', 'label': 'B'}
1. All observed electric charge appears as integer multiples of the elementary charge e.
2. Any macroscopic charge q = ±n e for integer n ≥ 0.
3. e = 1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ C, discovered by Millikan's oil-drop experiment.
4. Fractional charges (quarks) exist inside particles but never appear in isolation.
_Source: NCERT Class 12 Physics, Ch 1 "Electric Charges and Fields", §1.3_
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