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The "sticky ends" produced by a restriction endonuclease are
A{'text': 'Short single-stranded overhangs base-pairing with complementary ends', 'label': 'A'}
B{'text': 'Blunt double-stranded cuts made across both DNA strands', 'label': 'B'}
C{'text': 'Chemically modified nucleotides marking the cut sites for repair', 'label': 'C'}
D{'text': 'Ribonucleotide tails added to the ends of the cut DNA molecule', 'label': 'D'}
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. {'text': 'Short single-stranded overhangs base-pairing with complementary ends', 'label': 'A'}
1. Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific palindromic sites.
2. The cut is offset, leaving short single-stranded overhangs on each fragment.
3. These overhangs are called sticky ends because they form hydrogen bonds with complementary overhangs.
4. Sticky ends make it easy for DNA ligase to join compatible fragments.
_Source: NCERT Class 12 Biology, Ch 9 "Biotechnology: Principles and Processes", §9.2.1_
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