alleryThe most common oxidation state of lanthanoids is:
A+2
B+3 (Ln³⁺ — for all lanthanoids)
C+1
D+4
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. +3 (Ln³⁺ — for all lanthanoids)
**+3 is the principal stable oxidation state for all lanthanoids**.
A few show +2 or +4 only in special cases (Ce⁴⁺ — noble-gas config; Eu²⁺ — half-filled f⁷; Yb²⁺ — filled f¹⁴; Tb⁴⁺ — half-filled f⁷).
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