The Hardy-Weinberg principle's equation for genotype frequencies is:
A$p + q = 1$ (allele frequency sum)
B$p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1$ (genotype freq.)
C$p^2 - q^2 = 1$ (difference)
D$p + 2pq + q = 1$ (mixed sum)
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. $p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1$ (genotype freq.)
Hardy-Weinberg: if p = freq of allele A and q = freq of allele a, then p² + 2pq + q² = 1 gives genotype freq (p² for AA, 2pq for Aa, q² for aa). p + q = 1 is the allele-freq constraint.
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