Start learning →

Which chemical compounds are the primary cause of permanent water hardness?

ACarbonates and oxides
BNitrates and borates
CSulfates and chlorides
DAcetates and fluorides
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. Sulfates and chlorides
Permanent hardness is primarily caused by dissolved sulfates and chlorides of calcium and magnesium.
Practise this question with Quill — ICSE Class 9 →

Keep practising Water

Browse all Water questions for ICSE Class 9, or explore more Chemistry topics.

Start a Water lesson →