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In which case did the Supreme Court first hold that 'procedure established by law' under Article 21 must also be just, fair and reasonable?
AA K Gopalan v State of Madras (1950)
BManeka Gandhi v Union of India (1978)
CADM Jabalpur v Shivakant Shukla (1976)
DKesavananda Bharati v State of Kerala (1973)
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. Maneka Gandhi v Union of India (1978)
Maneka Gandhi (1978) overruled Gopalan's narrow reading — the 'procedure' under Article 21 must satisfy the test of Article 14 (reasonableness) and Article 19 (freedoms). The 'golden triangle' was born here.
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