Per NCERT, what role do HUMAN RIGHTS instruments like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) play vis-à-vis sovereign states?
AThey apply only to states that did NOT sign them
BThey set international moral and legal standards that hold states accountable for treatment of their citizens — even though enforcement varies
CThey have zero influence on any state's behaviour
DThey override every domestic constitution automatically and uniformly
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. They set international moral and legal standards that hold states accountable for treatment of their citizens — even though enforcement varies
NCERT presents UDHR + human rights instruments as setting international norms with variable but real influence. The other options either over- or under-state their effect.
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