Per NCERT, what is meant by saying that fundamental rights provide 'PROTECTIONS AGAINST THE STATE'?
AFundamental rights restrict only ordinary citizens, not the state
BFundamental rights can be suspended by any minister at will
CFundamental rights have no relevance to state action
DThe Constitution restricts the state itself from violating these rights — citizens can move courts to enforce them against the state
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. The Constitution restricts the state itself from violating these rights — citizens can move courts to enforce them against the state
NCERT presents fundamental rights as primarily limits on state power — enforceable in court (Article 32 writs). The other options invert the relationship.
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