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PUCET (Punjab) Molecular Basis of Inheritance — practice questions — page 2

Explore 51 free Molecular Basis of Inheritance questions in PUCET (Punjab) Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 31–51 of 51.

Heterochromatin (densely packed, dark-staining chromatin) is:Read the answer and worked solution →In E. coli (~4.6 × 10⁶ bp), DNA replication is completed in approximately 18 minutes, giving an average rate of:Read the answer and worked solution →The enzyme that joins the discontinuous Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand is:Read the answer and worked solution →Replication does not initiate randomly along a DNA molecule; it starts at:Read the answer and worked solution →The central dogma of molecular biology (Francis Crick) states:Read the answer and worked solution →A transcription unit in DNA has three parts:Read the answer and worked solution →In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase II transcribes:Read the answer and worked solution →Of the 64 possible codons in the genetic code:Read the answer and worked solution →The genetic code is described as 'degenerate' because:Read the answer and worked solution →The genetic code was deciphered largely through the work of:Read the answer and worked solution →The site of protein synthesis (translation) is the:Read the answer and worked solution →The bond formed between two amino acids during translation is a:Read the answer and worked solution →During translation, the activation of an amino acid and its linkage to its cognate tRNA is called:Read the answer and worked solution →The lac operon (Jacob & Monod) consists of which structural genes?Read the answer and worked solution →The lac operon is regulated by the lac repressor binding to the:Read the answer and worked solution →According to HGP findings, what percentage of the human genome codes for proteins?Read the answer and worked solution →In eukaryotes, exons are:Read the answer and worked solution →Approximately how many genes does the human genome contain (per HGP)?Read the answer and worked solution →DNA or RNA?Read the answer and worked solution →Order the flow of genetic informationRead the answer and worked solution →Naming the processesRead the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Heterochromatin (densely packed, dark-staining chromatin) is:

  1. Found only in prokaryotes
  2. Transcriptionally active
  3. Always located at chromosome telomeres only
  4. Transcriptionally inactive
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Correct answer: D. Transcriptionally inactive

**Heterochromatin** = densely packed, **transcriptionally inactive**. **Euchromatin** = loosely packed, transcriptionally active. Both are visible under light microscope but they differ in stain intensity (dark vs light).

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In E. coli (~4.6 × 10⁶ bp), DNA replication is completed in approximately 18 minutes, giving an average rate of:

  1. 200 bp/s
  2. 20 bp/s
  3. 2000 bp/s
  4. 20 000 bp/s
Show answer and solution

Correct answer: C. 2000 bp/s

Time = 18 min × 60 s = 1080 s. Rate = 4.6 × 10⁶ / 1080 ≈ **~4250 bp/s for the whole molecule**, but DNA replicates bidirectionally from origin → each polymerase moves at ~**2000 bp/s**.

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The enzyme that joins the discontinuous Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand is:

  1. DNA polymerase III
  2. DNA helicase
  3. Primase
  4. DNA ligase
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Correct answer: D. DNA ligase

**DNA ligase** seals the nicks between adjacent Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand, completing the continuous DNA strand.

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