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OJEE Excretory Products and their Elimination — practice questions

Explore 7 free Excretory Products and their Elimination questions in OJEE Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Excretory Products and their Elimination questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 1–7 of 7.

Functional unit of the kidney is the:Read the answer and worked solution →Main nitrogenous waste in humans is:Read the answer and worked solution →Renin is secreted by:Read the answer and worked solution →Antidiuretic effect of ADH means:Read the answer and worked solution →Renal artery, vein, and ureter enter/leave kidney at the:Read the answer and worked solution →Which waste does it excrete?Read the answer and worked solution →Which one does NOT belong?Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Functional unit of the kidney is the:

  1. Bowman's capsule alone
  2. Liver lobule
  3. Nephron (~1 million per kidney)
  4. Glomerulus alone
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Correct answer: C. Nephron (~1 million per kidney)

**Nephron:** structural and functional unit of kidney. Each human kidney has ~1 million nephrons. Each consists of renal corpuscle (glomerulus + Bowman's capsule) and renal tubule (PCT, loop of Henle, DCT, collecting duct).

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Main nitrogenous waste in humans is:

  1. Urea (forms via ornithine/urea cycle in liver from ammonia)
  2. Creatine
  3. Uric acid
  4. Ammonia
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Correct answer: A. Urea (forms via ornithine/urea cycle in liver from ammonia)

Humans are ureotelic (urea is main waste). Liver converts toxic ammonia to less toxic urea via urea cycle. Excreted via kidneys. Reptiles, birds: uricotelic (uric acid, less water). **Aquatic animals:** ammonotelic (ammonia directly diluted in water).

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Renin is secreted by:

  1. Juxtaglomerular cells of afferent arteriole when BP/Na+ low
  2. Stomach
  3. Liver
  4. Adrenal
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Correct answer: A. Juxtaglomerular cells of afferent arteriole when BP/Na+ low

JG cells (modified smooth muscle of afferent arteriole): release renin in response to low renal BP, low Na+ at macula densa, or sympathetic stimulation. Renin cleaves angiotensinogen → angiotensin I → (via ACE) angiotensin II → vasoconstriction + aldosterone. RAAS pathway.

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