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NEET UG Environmental Science — practice by topic

Browse 176 questions across 6 Environmental Science topics. Choose what you want to revise, then open a question to check its answer and worked solution.

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Environmental Science topics

Unit 2A: Ecosystem Services, Succession and Biodiversity (61)Unit 1A: Biomes, Primary Productivity and Trophic Levels (34)Unit 7A: Genetic Diversity and Mendelian Transmission in Populations (26)Unit 3A: Population Growth, Carrying Capacity and Reproductive Strategies (22)Unit 6A: Toxicology, Infectious Diseases and Environmental Hazards (19)Unit 5A: Cellular Transport, Osmoregulation and Membrane Biology (14)

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Most plants are:Read the answer and worked solution →O₂ released in photosynthesis comes from:Read the answer and worked solution →Chlorophyll structure contains:Read the answer and worked solution →Photosystem I contains reaction center:Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Most plants are:

  1. C4
  2. C3 — about 85% of all plants; includes most temperate crops
  3. CAM
  4. Mixed
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Correct answer: B. C3 — about 85% of all plants; includes most temperate crops

**C3:** ~85% of plant species. Includes wheat, rice, barley, oats, peanut, soy, cotton. **C4:** ~3% (but include important crops — maize, sugarcane, sorghum). **CAM:** ~10% (mostly desert succulents). C4/CAM evolved multiple times independently from C3.

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O₂ released in photosynthesis comes from:

  1. Atmosphere
  2. Glucose
  3. CO₂
  4. Water (H₂O) — proven by ¹⁸O labeling experiments
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Correct answer: D. Water (H₂O) — proven by ¹⁸O labeling experiments

Ruben & Kamen experiments with ¹⁸O: labeled water release labeled O₂ labeled CO₂ did not. Confirmed van Niel hypothesis (originally proposed from sulfur bacteria using H₂S instead of H₂O). H₂O is split (photolysis at OEC of PSII) → 2 H⁺ + 2 e⁻ + ½ O₂.

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Chlorophyll structure contains:

  1. Zinc
  2. Calcium
  3. Mg²⁺ at center of porphyrin ring with long phytol tail
  4. Iron
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Correct answer: C. Mg²⁺ at center of porphyrin ring with long phytol tail

**Chlorophyll:** porphyrin ring (4 pyrroles) with Mg²⁺ at center (cf. heme has Fe). Long phytol hydrocarbon tail anchors in thylakoid membrane. The Mg-porphyrin ring system is responsible for absorbing light. Slight differences between Chl a (methyl) and Chl b (formyl group) at one position shift the absorption spectrum.

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