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NEET UG Cell Structure, Health and Hygiene — practice questions

Explore 21 free Cell Structure, Health and Hygiene questions in NEET UG Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Cell Structure, Health and Hygiene questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 1–21 of 21.

Plasmid isRead the answer and worked solution →The cell wall provides the bacterium withRead the answer and worked solution →Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria are distinguished byRead the answer and worked solution →Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton?Read the answer and worked solution →The endoplasmic reticulum with attached ribosomes isRead the answer and worked solution →Golgi apparatus is primarily concerned withRead the answer and worked solution →Lysosomes are formed by which organelle?Read the answer and worked solution →In mitochondria, the increase in surface area for the respiratory enzymes is achieved byRead the answer and worked solution →Chloroplast pigments responsible for trapping light energy reside in theRead the answer and worked solution →The S in '70S' and '80S' refers toRead the answer and worked solution →Which of the following is a feature of the nuclear envelope?Read the answer and worked solution →The double-membrane organelles of plant cells areRead the answer and worked solution →The 'fluid mosaic model' of the plasma membrane was proposed byRead the answer and worked solution →In chloroplasts, the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions) takes place in theRead the answer and worked solution →In a eukaryotic cell, lysosomal enzymes work atRead the answer and worked solution →Centrioles are seen inRead the answer and worked solution →The structure that holds sister chromatids together during cell division is theRead the answer and worked solution →Spot the odd cell partRead the answer and worked solution →Match each organelle to its jobRead the answer and worked solution →Prokaryote, eukaryote or both?Read the answer and worked solution →Membrane-bound or not?Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Plasmid is

  1. Small circular DNA outside the chromosome
  2. A membrane-bound organelle of bacteria
  3. A subunit of the bacterial ribosome
  4. A part of the bacterial nuclear membrane
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Correct answer: A. Small circular DNA outside the chromosome

Plasmids are extra-chromosomal, small circular DNA molecules in bacteria. They confer traits like antibiotic resistance and are widely used in recombinant DNA technology for monitoring transformation.

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The cell wall provides the bacterium with

  1. Photosynthetic ability and pigments
  2. Shape and protection against bursting
  3. Motility through the medium
  4. Genetic information and inheritance
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Correct answer: B. Shape and protection against bursting

Bacterial cell walls (peptidoglycan-based) determine shape and prevent osmotic lysis. They are distinct from the glycocalyx (outer) and plasma membrane (inner) layers of the prokaryotic cell envelope.

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Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria are distinguished by

  1. The number of chromosomes per cell
  2. The geometric shape of the bacterial cell
  3. The response to the Gram staining procedure
  4. The presence or absence of ribosomes
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Correct answer: C. The response to the Gram staining procedure

Differential staining devised by Christian Gram (1884). Differences in cell-wall peptidoglycan thickness and the presence of an outer membrane in Gram-negatives produce the colour difference. syllabus cites the Gram stain explicitly.

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