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DOH Abu Dhabi Licensing Exam The Respiratory System — practice questions — page 5

Explore 132 free The Respiratory System questions in DOH Abu Dhabi Licensing Exam Physiology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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The Respiratory System questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 121–132 of 132.

The lung bud bulges from which embryonic structure?Read the answer and worked solution →What do the two ends of the laryngotracheal bud become?Read the answer and worked solution →Which airway milestone is reached by week 16?Read the answer and worked solution →By when are surfactant levels usually adequate to give effective lung compliance?Read the answer and worked solution →When does a full complement of functional alveoli appear?Read the answer and worked solution →Around which week do fetal breathing movements begin?Read the answer and worked solution →What does the fetus move in and out during fetal breathing movements?Read the answer and worked solution →How soon after birth does the first inhalation occur?Read the answer and worked solution →What happens to the fluid left in the lungs after delivery?Read the answer and worked solution →What proportions of preterm infants are quoted as developing respiratory distress syndrome?Read the answer and worked solution →By how much has surfactant therapy reduced death from respiratory distress syndrome?Read the answer and worked solution →Why is survival low for a baby born before 26 weeks?Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

The lung bud bulges from which embryonic structure?

  1. The pharyngeal pouches
  2. The olfactory pit floor
  3. The endoderm of the foregut
  4. The mesoderm of the somites
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Correct answer: C. The endoderm of the foregut

1. The lung bud forms at about the same time as the olfactory pits, around week 4. 2. It is a dome-shaped structure of tissue bulging from the foregut. 3. The foregut is endoderm sitting just inferior to the pharyngeal pouches. 4. So the lung bud arises from foregut endoderm, and the first option names the neighbouring structure instead. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 22 "The Respiratory System", section 22.7 Embryonic Development of the Respiratory System_

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What do the two ends of the laryngotracheal bud become?

  1. The larynx proximally and alveoli distally
  2. The pharynx proximally and larynx distally
  3. The trachea proximally and alveoli distally
  4. The trachea proximally and bronchial buds distally
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Correct answer: D. The trachea proximally and bronchial buds distally

1. The laryngotracheal bud forms as the lung bud extends longitudinally. 2. The portion nearest the pharynx becomes the trachea. 3. The distal end becomes more bulbous and forms the bronchial buds. 4. Those buds eventually become the bronchi and all other lower respiratory structures, so alveoli are several steps further on than the options suggest. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 22 "The Respiratory System", section 22.7 Embryonic Development of the Respiratory System_

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Which airway milestone is reached by week 16?

  1. Respiratory bronchioles have formed
  2. A full complement of alveoli exists
  3. Surfactant reaches adequate levels
  4. The lungs can inflate without help
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Correct answer: A. Respiratory bronchioles have formed

1. Bronchial buds branch until all segmental bronchi have formed. 2. Around week 13 the lumens of the bronchi begin to expand in diameter. 3. By week 16 respiratory bronchioles form and the fetus has all major lung structures involved in the airway. 4. Adequate surfactant and unaided breathing come much later, so the third and fourth options belong to the third trimester. _Source: OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology (CC BY 4.0), Ch 22 "The Respiratory System", section 22.7 Embryonic Development of the Respiratory System_

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