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AP Intermediate 2nd Year Ray Optics and Optical Instruments — practice questions — page 3

Explore 96 free Ray Optics and Optical Instruments questions in AP Intermediate 2nd Year Physics. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Ray Optics and Optical Instruments questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 61–90 of 96.

Flip and pair: symbol with meaningRead the answer and worked solution →True or false: the sign conventionRead the answer and worked solution →Snell's law of refraction at the boundary between two media of refractive indices $n_1$ and $n_2$ statesRead the answer and worked solution →The POWER of a lens (in diopters, D) is defined asRead the answer and worked solution →An object is placed 30 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 20 cm. The image distance isRead the answer and worked solution →Converging or diverging?Read the answer and worked solution →True or false: optical fibresRead the answer and worked solution →Reading the laws backRead the answer and worked solution →The relationship between the focal length $f$ and the radius of curvature $R$ for a SPHERICAL MIRROR isRead the answer and worked solution →A converging lens of focal length $20\,\text{cm}$ produces a real image at $30\,\text{cm}$ from the lens. The object distance is closest toRead the answer and worked solution →When light travels from one medium to another, which property of the wave REMAINS UNCHANGED?Read the answer and worked solution →An object is placed at the FOCUS of a concave mirror ($u = f$, both negative). The image forms atRead the answer and worked solution →The phenomenon by which the apparent position of a star near the horizon appears slightly higher than its actual position is calledRead the answer and worked solution →The power P of a lens of focal length f (in metres) is given byRead the answer and worked solution →Refractive index of water with respect to air is 4/3. The critical angle for a water–air interface is approximatelyRead the answer and worked solution →Light passes from air (n=1) into glass (n=1.5) at an incidence angle of 60°. Using Snell's law, the angle of refraction isRead the answer and worked solution →For a thin prism of small refracting angle A and refractive index n, the deviation δ is approximatelyRead the answer and worked solution →The apparent depth of an object lying at the bottom of a pool of water (n = 4/3) is, in terms of its real depth h,Read the answer and worked solution →A thin prism of refracting angle 5° is made of glass with n = 1.5. The deviation δ of a light ray passing through it is approximatelyRead the answer and worked solution →Two thin convex lenses, each of focal length 20 cm, are placed coaxially 10 cm apart in air. The equivalent focal length of the combination isRead the answer and worked solution →Cartesian sign convention: positive or negative?Read the answer and worked solution →Critical angleRead the answer and worked solution →Lenses in contactRead the answer and worked solution →Order the steps: solve a mirror problemRead the answer and worked solution →Assertion and reasonRead the answer and worked solution →True or false: optical instrumentsRead the answer and worked solution →Which instrument does this belong to?Read the answer and worked solution →A convex lens of focal length 20 cm is placed in contact with a concave lens of focal length 25 cm. The power of the combination (in dioptres) isRead the answer and worked solution →Complete the prism relationRead the answer and worked solution →An astronomical telescope in normal adjustment has an objective of focal length 100 cm and an eyepiece of focal length 5 cm. Its angular magnification isRead the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Flip and pair: symbol with meaning

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Matching pairs
  1. A
    u
    B
    object distance
  2. A
    v
    B
    image distance
  3. A
    f
    B
    focal length
  4. A
    R
    B
    radius of curvature
  5. A
    P
    B
    power of a lens
  6. A
    i_c
    B
    critical angle
The chapter's notation. Source: syllabus Physics Part II, Ch 9 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments.

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True or false: the sign convention

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Questions
  1. Statement is true
    Yes
    Statement
    Distances are measured from the pole or optic centre.
  2. Statement is true
    Yes
    Statement
    Distances along the incident light are taken as positive.
  3. Statement is true
    No
    Statement
    A concave mirror has a positive focal length.
  4. Statement is true
    Yes
    Statement
    A convex mirror has a positive focal length.
  5. Statement is true
    Yes
    Statement
    Heights measured downwards are negative.
Every distance starts at the pole or optic centre, and the direction of the incident light sets the positive sense. Source: syllabus Physics Part II, Ch 9 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments.

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Snell's law of refraction at the boundary between two media of refractive indices $n_1$ and $n_2$ states

  1. $n_1\sin\theta_1 = n_2\sin\theta_2$
  2. $n_1\cos\theta_1 = n_2\cos\theta_2$
  3. $n_1\tan\theta_1 = n_2\tan\theta_2$
  4. $n_1 + \theta_1 = n_2 + \theta_2$
Show answer and solution

Correct answer: A. $n_1\sin\theta_1 = n_2\sin\theta_2$

1. Your syllabus: when a ray crosses from medium 1 to medium 2, the angles of incidence and refraction (both measured from the NORMAL) satisfy $n_1\sin\theta_1 = n_2\sin\theta_2$. 2. Consequence: when light enters a denser medium (higher $n$), it bends TOWARD the normal; entering rarer (lower $n$), it bends AWAY. 3. The refractive index $n = c/v$ measures how much slower light travels in the medium. 4. Options B, C, D have wrong trigonometric functions or wrong functional form — Snell's law has no derivation that produces cosines, tangents, or sums. _Source: syllabus Physics Part 2, Ch 9 "Ray Optics", §9.3 (Refraction, Eq. 9.4), p. 2–3._

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