Alberta Diploma Exams The Atom — practice questions
55 free MCQs with worked solutions. Tap any question for the answer + explanation, or practice them all in the app.
Practice Alberta Diploma Exams The Atom in the app →What did the plum pudding model, proposed by J. J. Thomson, picture the atom as?In Rutherford's gold foil experiment, what result contradicted the plum pudding model's prediction?About how many alpha particles were scattered straight backward in Rutherford's gold foil experiment?What did Rutherford's results imply about the size of the gold nucleus compared with the size of the whole golWhat does the planetary model of the atom, proposed by Rutherford, picture?What are the dark lines seen in the absorption spectrum of the sun called?Electrons dropping from higher orbits to the n = 1 ground state of hydrogen produce which spectral series?How much energy must a hydrogen atom's electron absorb to jump from the ground state (n = 1) to the second orbWhat wavelength of light is emitted when an electron drops from the third orbital (n = 3) to the ground state Calculate the approximate energy of an X-ray emitted for an n = 2 to n = 1 transition in a tungsten anode, wheAccording to de Broglie, why are only certain electron orbits allowed in an atom?What does the Heisenberg uncertainty principle state about measuring a particle's position and momentum togethHow does the quantum model of the atom describe the position of an electron, compared with Bohr's model of fixWhat are protons and neutrons collectively called?What does the atomic number Z represent?Two atoms of the same element have different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei. What are these two atoms calThe atomic mass unit (u) is defined so that a neutral atom of which isotope has a mass of exactly 12 u?Why did scientists conclude that the radiation discovered by Becquerel originates in the nucleus rather than iWhat holds the protons and neutrons of a nucleus together despite the mutual repulsion between protons?The nuclear radius formula is r = r0 A^(1/3), with r0 = 1.2 femtometres. What is the radius of an aluminum-27 During alpha decay, what does a nucleus emit?During beta-minus decay, a neutron transforms into which combination of particles?Beta decay producing barium-137 comes from which parent nucleus? Barium has atomic number 56.Plutonium-239 undergoes alpha decay into uranium-235 and helium-4. Given rest masses of 239.052157 u for Pu-23Which type of radiation has the shortest range, being stopped by a sheet of paper or a fraction of a millimetrWhat is the half-life of a radioactive sample?A nucleus has already survived many half-lives without decaying. What is its chance of surviving one more halfHow is the decay constant, lambda, related to the half-life, t(1/2)?Iodine-131 has a half-life of 8.02 days. What is its decay constant, lambda, in units of per day?An 800 g sample of a radioactive isotope has a half-life of 15.0 minutes. How much of the original sample remaCarbon-11 has a half-life of 20.334 minutes. Starting from a 1000 g sample, about how much remains after exactWhat is activity, R, as used to describe a radioactive sample?What is the SI unit for activity, defined as one decay per second?The curie (Ci) was originally defined as the activity of what quantity of radium-226?The Shroud of Turin was found to contain 92 percent of the carbon-14 present in living tissue when tested in 1Which decay series is used to date very old rocks, based on the ratio of a parent isotope to its final stable In the liquid drop model of nuclear fission, what happens to a nucleus after it absorbs a neutron?What is a chain reaction, in the context of nuclear fission?What is critical mass, as defined for a fissionable material?Between uranium-235 and plutonium-239, which nuclide has the smaller critical mass?In a pressurized water reactor, what role does water play in controlling the fission of uranium-235?About how much energy does the average nuclear fission reaction release?Fission of 1.00 kg of uranium-235 releases about 8.21 x 10^13 J, given 200 MeV per fission event. About how maFor elements lighter than iron, what happens to the nuclear binding energy per nucleon when two nuclei fuse toWhat is the main obstacle that must be overcome to make two light nuclei fuse together?In the sun's proton-proton cycle, what is the overall result of fusing hydrogen nuclei together?What is a radiopharmaceutical?Why is gamma radiation especially useful for imaging conditions inside the body?What is one disadvantage of a basic Anger, or gamma, camera compared with more advanced imaging methods?What improvement does SPECT imaging offer over a single, stationary gamma camera?In a PET scan, what happens when an emitted positron encounters an electron in the body?What is the therapeutic ratio in radiotherapy?One rad is defined as 0.01 joules of ionizing energy deposited per kilogram of tissue. If a 50.0 kg person absThe same 1.00 J of ionizing energy from the previous scenario is instead absorbed only by a 2.00 kg forearm. WWhy are the eyes especially sensitive to radiation damage, reflected in their higher RBE values in the referen