In Rutherford's experiment, the observation that a few $\alpha$-particles bounced *back* implied
Aatoms are mostly solid spheres
Bmatter is wavelike
Celectrons orbit at fixed radii
Dthe positive charge is concentrated in a tiny nucleus
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. the positive charge is concentrated in a tiny nucleus
To repel a heavy, fast-moving $\alpha$-particle back along its path, there must be a concentrated positive charge (and mass) in a region much smaller than the atom itself. This led to the nuclear model of the atom.
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