In an input-rich curriculum, which skills come first?

1. NCERT suggests a comprehensible input-rich curriculum. 2. It treats understanding of spoken and written language as a precursor to language production. 3. Understanding spoken language is listening, and understanding written language is reading. 4. Production means speech and writing, so listening and reading come first. **Why not the others:** Speaking and writing are production, which follows understanding. Spelling, grammar and recitation are form-focused practice. _Source: NCERT, Position Paper of the National Focus Group on Teaching of English (2006), section "3.1 Input-rich environments", PDF p. 14 (ncert.nic.in/pdf/focus-group/english.pdf)_