The economic depression that helped bring dictators to power in Europe ran from:

1. The depression began with the financial collapse of 1929 and deepened over the following years. 2. It ran to about 1933, bringing mass unemployment and destroying faith in existing governments. 3. That collapse of confidence is what let the Nazi and Fascist parties present themselves as the alternative. 4. Alongside it sat the threat of communism, the weaknesses of the existing political systems, and resentment left by the peace settlement. 5. These are causes of the dictatorships rather than their effects, a distinction the question turns on. _Source: NECTA ACSEE 2023 History 112/2, Question 3: The rise of dictatorships in Italy, Germany and Japan_