ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ...

ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ : A. ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯦꯜ ꯁꯣꯂꯚꯦꯟꯇꯅꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ DIPOLAR IN NATURE ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ WATER (H2O) ꯑꯁꯤ BENT MOLECULAR SHAPE (O-H ꯕꯣꯟꯗ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ~104.5°) ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯅꯦꯒꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯀꯩꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ: - ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯅꯦꯒꯦꯇꯤꯚ ꯆꯥꯔꯖ (δ-) ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ - ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ POSITIVE ꯆꯥꯔꯖ (δ+) ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯄꯣꯜ ꯃꯣꯃꯦꯟꯇ (1.85 Debye) ꯂꯩꯕꯥ STRONGLY POLAR (DIPOLAR) ꯃꯣꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯣꯂꯥꯔꯤꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯂꯚꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ: - ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡ (NaCl, KCl ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ δ- ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯖꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ (Na+, K+) ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ δ+ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯒꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯌꯅꯁꯤꯡ (Cl-, Br-) ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ‘ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯦꯜ’ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯁ ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤꯕꯨ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ - POLAR MOLECULES (ꯆꯤꯅꯤ, ꯑꯂꯀꯣꯍꯣꯜ, ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ HYDROGEN BONDINGꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ - ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯁꯤꯄꯜ ‘LIKE DISSOLVES LIKE’ — ꯄꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯁꯣꯂꯚꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯂꯥꯔ/ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯅꯟ-ꯄꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯁꯣꯂꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ (ꯑꯣꯏꯜ, ꯍꯦꯛꯁꯦꯟ)ꯅꯥ ꯅꯟ-ꯄꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯄꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯅꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ UNIVERSAL SOLVENT ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ: (B) ꯍꯤꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯨꯛꯇꯔ — ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯨꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯀꯟꯗꯥꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯄꯥꯋꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯗꯦ꯫ (C) ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯛ ꯍꯤꯠ — ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯏꯃꯦꯠ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯂꯚꯦꯟꯇꯤ ꯄꯥꯋꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ (D) ‘ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ’ — ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯦꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯥꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ (SiO2 ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯂꯋꯨꯗ, Al2O3)ꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯦ꯫ KEY ꯑꯁꯤ POLARITYꯅꯤ, ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯁꯣꯔꯁ: ꯁꯤꯂꯦꯕꯁ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤ ‘ꯄꯤ-ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯏꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯈꯔ’ / ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ 9 ꯁꯥꯏꯟꯁ ‘ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ’꯫