Which one of the following statements is correct?
AAjanta Caves lie in the gorge of Waghora river.
BSanchi Stupa lies in the gorge of Chambal river.
CPandu-lena Cave Shrines lie in the gorge of Narmada river.
DAmaravati Stupa lies in the gorge of Godavari river.
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. Ajanta Caves lie in the gorge of Waghora river.
Answer: A. AJANTA CAVES lie in the gorge of WAGHORA river.
The AJANTA CAVES (a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1983) are located in the AURANGABAD district of Maharashtra. The cave complex is set in a HORSESHOE-SHAPED GORGE of the WAGHORA (Waghur) RIVER, a tributary of the Tapi system. 30 rock-cut Buddhist caves (5 chaityas and 25 viharas) were excavated between roughly 200 BCE and 650 CE under Satavahana and Vakataka patronage. The river's sharp bend created the ideal vertical cliff face for excavation.
Why other options are WRONG:
(B) SANCHI STUPA — situated on a HILLTOP in RAISEN DISTRICT OF MADHYA PRADESH, near the small Sanchi/Bina river. NOT in the gorge of the Chambal (which flows through Kota, Bharatpur, Etawah).
(C) PANDAVLENI / PANDU-LENA CAVES — Buddhist rock-cut caves near NASIK in Maharashtra, located on the TRIRASHMI HILL. Nasik is on the GODAVARI RIVER, NOT the Narmada. The caves date from the 1st century BCE to the 3rd century CE.
(D) AMARAVATI STUPA — located in GUNTUR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH on the SOUTH BANK OF THE KRISHNA RIVER, NOT the Godavari. It is one of the most important early Buddhist sites under Satavahana patronage; famous for its limestone reliefs.
So only the Ajanta-Waghora pairing is correct in the given options.
Source: NCERT Class 11 Themes in Indian History references / ASI monument records / UNESCO World Heritage Site documentation.
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