Gandikota canyon of South India was created by which one of the following rivers?
ACauvery
BManjira
CPennar
DTungabhadra
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. Pennar
Answer: C. The PENNAR river created the Gandikota canyon.
GANDIKOTA CANYON (sometimes called the 'Grand Canyon of India') is in Kadapa district of ANDHRA PRADESH. The PENNAR (PENNA) RIVER cuts through the Erramala range, creating a deep gorge with vertical rock walls. The 13th-century Gandikota Fort sits atop the canyon's edge.
The Pennar river originates in the Nandi Hills of Karnataka and flows eastward through Andhra Pradesh to the Bay of Bengal. Its canyon at Gandikota is one of central India's most dramatic erosional features.
Distractors fail by geography:
(A) Cauvery rises in Karnataka, flows through Karnataka and Tamil Nadu — has waterfalls but the Gandikota canyon is not on the Cauvery.
(B) Manjira is a tributary of the Godavari, does not create the Gandikota canyon.
(D) Tungabhadra carves through other valleys (Hampi area) but Gandikota is not on it.
Source: Geological Survey of India / NCERT Class 11 India: Physical Environment Ch 3 (Drainage System).
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