Consider the following statements: Statement-I: In India, prisons are managed by State Governments with their own rules and regulations for the day-to-day administration of prisons. Statement-II: In India, prisons are governed by the Prisons Act, 1894 which expressly kept the subject of prisons in the control of Provincial Governments. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Answer: A. Both statements correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I. Statement-I: Prisons in India are managed by State Governments with their own rules. CORRECT. 'Prisons / Reformatories' is a State List subject (Entry 4, List II, Seventh Schedule). Each state has its own Prison Manual / Jail Manual prescribing day-to-day administration, prisoner treatment, parole, remission and discipline. Statement-II: The Prisons Act 1894 kept prisons in control of Provincial Governments. CORRECT. The Indian Prisons Act 1894 (enacted under British rule) explicitly placed prisons under PROVINCIAL (later state) administration. The Government of India Act 1919 (Montagu-Chelmsford) and 1935 confirmed prisons as a provincial subject; the Indian Constitution inherited this allocation to states. So Statement-II is the historical reason WHY prisons are a state subject (I). II explains I. Source: Seventh Schedule of Constitution / Prisons Act 1894 / NCERT Class 11 Indian Constitution at Work Ch 7.