Consider the following countries: 1. Italy 2. Japan 3. Nigeria 4. South Korea 5. South Africa Which of the above countries are frequently mentioned in the media for their low birth rates, or ageing population or declining population?
A1, 2 and 4
B1, 3 and 5
C2 and 4 only
D3 and 5 only
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A. 1, 2 and 4
Answer: A. Italy, Japan, and South Korea are widely cited in media for low birth rates, ageing populations and demographic decline.
(1) Italy: Total fertility rate around 1.2 (well below replacement 2.1), median age over 47. One of the world's oldest populations.
(2) Japan: TFR around 1.3, median age around 49 — the world's most aged major economy. Population has been declining since 2010.
(4) South Korea: World's LOWEST TFR at 0.7-0.8 in recent years. Massive ageing concern; major media coverage of demographic crisis.
NOT mentioned widely in this context:
(3) Nigeria: Africa's most populous country with TFR around 5.0 and rapidly GROWING young population.
(5) South Africa: TFR around 2.3 with relatively young population.
So 1, 2, 4 fit; 3 and 5 do not.
Source: UN World Population Prospects 2024 / OECD demographic indicators.
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