Rolling a die and flipping a coin at the same time is the classic illustration of the:

1. Two independent events happen together, and both outcomes must hold. 2. To demonstrate the product rule, imagine that you are rolling a six-sided die and flipping a penny at the same time. 3. The die may roll any number from 1 to 6 while the penny may turn up heads or tails. 4. The addition, or sum, rule applies instead to two mutually exclusive outcomes that can come about by more than one pathway. _Source: OpenStax Biology for AP(R) Courses (CC BY 4.0), Ch 12 'Mendel's Experiments and Heredity', sections 12.1-12.3_