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Chlorine has 17 electrons. To become STABLE (achieve octet in outermost shell), it most easily:
ALoses 1 electron
BLoses 7 electrons
CGains 1 electron, becoming Cl⁻ with a complete L shell of 8
DShares all 17 electrons
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. Gains 1 electron, becoming Cl⁻ with a complete L shell of 8
Chlorine configuration: 2, 8, 7. It needs 1 more electron to fill the M shell to 8 (octet). Energetically much easier to GAIN 1 than LOSE 7. So Cl readily accepts an electron to become Cl⁻ (chloride anion) — which is what happens when sodium meets chlorine to form NaCl: Na loses 1, Cl gains 1.
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