Violet is dominant to white for pea flower colour. Using the usual convention, how is a heterozygous violet plant written?

1. The gene is abbreviated with the first letter of the dominant trait, so violet gives the letter V. 2. Uppercase stands for the dominant allele and lowercase for the recessive allele. 3. A heterozygote carries one of each, written Vv. 4. VV is homozygous dominant violet and vv is homozygous recessive white. 5. Vw mixes two different letters, which would mean two different genes. _Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 12 "Mendel's Experiments and Heredity", section 12.2 Characteristics and Traits_