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Among 67 senators, 34 face reelection in November 2016 and ten of those are Democrats. What is the probability of being a Democrat given reelection in November 2016?
AIt is 10/67
BIt is 10/34
CIt is 34/67
DIt is 24/34
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. It is 10/34
1. The word given signals a conditional probability.
2. The sample space shrinks from 67 senators to the 34 facing reelection in November 2016.
3. Ten of those 34 are Democrats, so the probability is 10/34.
4. Dividing by 67 would give the joint probability and ignore the condition entirely.
_Source: OpenStax Introductory Business Statistics (CC BY 4.0), Ch 3 "Probability Topics", section 3.5 Venn Diagrams_
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